• The need for primary storage
• The difference between RAM and ROM
• The purpose of ROM in a computer system
• The purpose of RAM in a computer system
• Virtual memory and why it may be needed and how it works

• The purpose and characteristics of embedded systems • Examples of embedded systems

• How common characteristics of CPUs (clock speed, cache size, number of cores) affect their performance

• The purpose of the CPU and the fetch-execute cycle
• Common CPU components and their function: ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), CU (Control Unit), Cache, Registers
• Von Neumann architecture: MAR (Memory Address Register), MDR (Memory Data Register), Program Counter, Accumulator